Orthodontics is a crucial branch of pediatric dentistry, focused on more than just crafting beautiful smiles—it’s essential for proper dental development and overall oral health. Recommended by the American Association of Orthodontists, a child’s first orthodontic evaluation should occur by age 7. This early assessment enables orthodontists to detect and address dental issues promptly, which is vital for correcting bite problems, simplifying oral hygiene, and averting future dental complications.

The journey through orthodontic treatment is a collaborative effort involving the orthodontist, the child, and the parents. With advancements in dental technology, treatments have become more comfortable and effective, significantly improving the orthodontic experience for young patients. Emphasizing the importance of pediatric orthodontics is key for parents, as it lays the foundation for a lifetime of healthy, beautiful smiles for their children.

What is Orthodontics?

Orthodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry focused on the diagnosis, prevention, and correction of dental and facial irregularities. It is commonly associated with braces and the alignment of teeth, but its scope extends far beyond this, addressing issues with the jaw and bite, and contributing to the overall balance and symmetry of the face. The primary goal of orthodontic treatment is to achieve a harmonious alignment of the teeth and jaws, ensuring not only an aesthetically pleasing appearance but also promoting optimal functionality and oral health.

The importance of orthodontics lies in its ability to improve overall dental health. Properly aligned teeth are easier to clean, reducing the risk of tooth decay and gum disease. Furthermore, orthodontic treatment corrects malocclusions, which are misalignments in the bite that can lead to problems with chewing, speaking, and even cause excessive strain on jaw joints and muscles. While enhancing the visual appeal of a smile, orthodontics also plays a crucial role in mitigating these potential health issues, contributing significantly to a person’s long-term oral well-being.

Orthodontic treatment utilizes a variety of appliances and techniques to move teeth into their ideal positions and adjust jaw alignment. Traditional braces, which consist of brackets, wires, and bands, are a well-known treatment method, but there are more discreet options like clear aligners and lingual braces available as well. The choice of treatment varies depending on the individual’s specific needs and the complexity of their dental situation. Orthodontic care is beneficial for both children and adults; early treatment in children can guide the development of jaws and the eruption of teeth, while in adults, it addresses aesthetic concerns and problems that may have developed over time, like the wear and tear of misaligned teeth.

Signs Your Child May Need Orthodontic Treatment

Identifying the need for orthodontic treatment in children is crucial for ensuring their long-term oral health. While an orthodontist can provide a definitive assessment, there are several signs that parents can watch for which may indicate the need for an orthodontic evaluation. Early detection and treatment can lead to more effective results and may simplify future dental care.

Irregular Loss of Baby Teeth

Both early and delayed loss of baby teeth can be a sign of developmental issues that may require orthodontic attention. Early loss can lead to other teeth moving into the vacant space, while delayed loss might indicate issues with the eruption of permanent teeth.

Difficulty in Chewing or Biting

If your child frequently bites their cheek or roof of the mouth, has difficulty biting into food, or chews in an unusual manner, this might be a sign of misaligned teeth or jaws.

Crowded or Misplaced Teeth

Visible crowding or misplacement of teeth, especially once the permanent teeth start coming in, is a common sign that orthodontic treatment may be needed. Crowded teeth can also be more difficult to clean, increasing the risk of cavities and gum disease.

Jaws That Shift or Make Sounds 

If your child’s jaws shift position when opening or closing their mouth, or if there are noticeable sounds like clicking or popping, this could indicate a jaw alignment issue that orthodontics can address.

Protruding Teeth

Teeth that stick out significantly, especially the front teeth, are more prone to injury and can also be a sign of misalignment that requires orthodontic correction.

Biting the Cheek or Roof of the Mouth

Accidental biting of the cheek or roof of the mouth can be a sign of misalignment in the teeth or jaws.

Teeth That Do Not Meet Properly

If your child’s teeth do not meet correctly when the mouth is closed, or if there is an obvious underbite or overbite, this can indicate a need for orthodontic treatment.

Breathing Through the Mouth

Chronic mouth breathing in children can sometimes be associated with orthodontic issues, such as a narrow jaw or misaligned teeth that make nasal breathing more difficult.

Speech Difficulties

Certain speech impediments in children can be linked to orthodontic problems, such as misaligned teeth or jaw structures affecting normal speech patterns.

8 Common Orthodontic Problems in Children

Orthodontic issues in children are quite varied, ranging from simple to complex. Identifying these problems early can be crucial for effective treatment. Here are some of the most common orthodontic problems that children might experience:

1. Crowding

One of the most common orthodontic issues, crowding occurs when there isn’t enough space in the jaw for all of the teeth to fit properly. This can lead to misaligned or crooked teeth and can make cleaning more difficult, increasing the risk of cavities and gum disease.

2. Spacing Issues

Opposite to crowding, some children have too much space between their teeth. This could be due to small-sized teeth, an oversized jaw, or the premature loss of baby teeth, which can sometimes cause adjacent teeth to spread out.

3. Overbite

An overbite is characterized by the upper front teeth extending too far over the lower front teeth. This can lead to biting and chewing problems and may cause wear on the lower teeth. In severe cases, it can also affect the child’s facial profile.

4. Underbite

An underbite is when the lower front teeth are in front of the upper front teeth. This can be due to a problem with the jaw growth where the lower jaw is larger than the upper jaw. Underbites can lead to chewing difficulties and speech issues.

5. Open Bite

An open bite occurs when the upper and lower teeth do not touch when the mouth is closed. This is often seen in children who have prolonged thumb-sucking or pacifier use. It can cause problems with eating and, in some cases, speech difficulties.

6. Crossbite

A crossbite is when some of the upper teeth sit inside the lower teeth when the mouth is closed. It can cause uneven wear of the teeth and can lead to problems with jaw growth and development.

7. Misplaced Eruption

This happens when a tooth comes in (erupts) in the wrong place or at an abnormal angle, potentially causing crowding or displacement of other teeth.

8. Jaw Misalignment

Sometimes, the problem isn’t with the teeth but with the jaw. Misalignments of the jaw can lead to difficulties in speaking, eating, and can affect facial appearance.

8 Benefits of Early Orthodontic Treatment

Early orthodontic treatment, often referred to as interceptive orthodontics, involves identifying and addressing dental issues in children at a young age, typically between 7 and 10 years old. This proactive approach can have numerous benefits for a child’s dental health and overall well-being.

1. Guides Jaw Growth and Development

Early treatment can guide the growth of the jaw and the development of the teeth. This can be particularly beneficial in correcting disproportionate jaw sizes, which can lead to better alignment and function.

2. Corrects Bad Oral Habits

Habits like thumb sucking, prolonged use of a pacifier, and tongue thrusting can negatively impact a child’s dental development. Early orthodontic intervention can help in correcting these habits, thus preventing or minimizing their long-term effects on the teeth and jaw.

3. Improves Teeth Alignment and Function

Addressing issues like crowding, spacing, and misalignments early can simplify later treatments. Early intervention often makes room for permanent teeth to come in properly and can reduce the need for tooth extractions in the future.

4. Prevents More Serious Problems

Early orthodontic treatment can prevent minor problems from becoming more serious. This proactive approach can reduce the complexity and duration of later treatments, sometimes eliminating the need for surgical interventions.

5. Enhances Aesthetics and Self-Esteem

Correcting dental issues early in life not only improves a child’s smile but also boosts their self-esteem and confidence. Children who are self-conscious about their teeth can benefit socially and emotionally from early orthodontic treatment.

6. Promotes Better Oral Hygiene

Straighter teeth are easier to clean. Early orthodontic treatment can lead to better oral hygiene, reducing the risk of cavities and gum disease.

7. Improves Speech and Chewing Ability

Misaligned teeth and jaws can affect a child’s ability to chew food effectively and can sometimes impact their speech. Early treatment can improve these functional aspects, contributing to better overall health.

8. Cost-Effective in the Long Run

Addressing orthodontic issues at an early stage can be more cost-effective compared to treating more complex problems later. Early treatment can shorten and simplify later orthodontic procedures, potentially reducing overall treatment costs.

Types of Orthodontic Treatments for Children

Orthodontic treatments have evolved significantly, offering a variety of options to address different dental issues in children. Here are some common types of orthodontic treatments used in pediatric dentistry:

Traditional Metal Braces

The most common type of orthodontic treatment, traditional braces consist of metal brackets attached to each tooth, connected by a wire. They are highly effective in correcting a wide range of alignment issues. Modern metal braces are smaller and more comfortable than older versions.

Ceramic Braces 

Similar to traditional metal braces in design and function, ceramic braces use tooth-colored or clear brackets that blend more naturally with the teeth, making them less noticeable. They are popular among older children and teenagers who are conscious about the appearance of metal braces.

Lingual Braces

Lingual braces are similar to traditional braces, but the brackets and wires are placed on the inside of the teeth, making them invisible from the outside. They can be more uncomfortable and harder to clean, but they offer an aesthetic solution for alignment correction.

Clear Aligners

Clear aligners, like Invisalign, are a series of custom-made, removable, clear plastic trays that fit over the teeth. They are virtually invisible and can be removed for eating, brushing, and flossing. Clear aligners are suitable for mild to moderate orthodontic issues and are popular for their aesthetic appeal and convenience.

Palatal Expanders

For children with a narrow upper jaw, a palatal expander can be used to widen the upper jaw, so that the upper and lower teeth fit together better. It is a custom-made device that fits on the roof of the mouth and applies gentle pressure to gradually expand the upper jaw.

Space Maintainers

If a child loses a baby tooth early, a space maintainer can be used to keep the space open until the permanent tooth emerges. This prevents neighboring teeth from shifting into the space and causing alignment problems.

Headgear

Headgear is an external appliance used to correct more severe bite discrepancies, typically involving jaw growth modification. It is usually worn in the evenings and at night.

Retainers

After the active phase of orthodontic treatment, retainers are used to hold the teeth in their new position. They can be removable or fixed, and they play a crucial role in maintaining the results achieved through braces or aligners.

What to Expect During Orthodontic Treatment

Embarking on orthodontic treatment is a significant step for a child and can bring about many questions and expectations. Understanding what to expect during this process can help ease any apprehensions and prepare both children and their parents for the journey ahead.

Initial Consultation

The orthodontic treatment journey begins with an initial consultation. During this visit, the orthodontist will conduct a thorough examination of your child’s teeth, jaw, and mouth. This may include X-rays, photographs, and digital scans or impressions to create a detailed picture of the mouth’s structure. The orthodontist will discuss potential treatment options, the estimated duration of treatment, and any preparatory steps that need to be taken.

Custom Treatment Plan

Based on the initial assessment, the orthodontist will develop a customized treatment plan tailored to your child’s specific needs. This plan will outline the type of orthodontic appliance (braces, aligners, expanders, etc.) to be used, the duration of treatment, and any special instructions for care and maintenance.

Application of Orthodontic Appliances

If braces or other fixed appliances are the chosen form of treatment, an appointment will be set for their application. This process is typically painless, but your child might experience some discomfort or soreness in the following days as they adjust to the new appliance.

Regular Adjustments and Follow-Ups

Orthodontic treatment requires regular follow-up appointments. These visits are essential for making adjustments to braces or moving to the next set of aligners. They also allow the orthodontist to monitor progress and make any necessary changes to the treatment plan.

Dealing with Discomfort

It’s common for children to experience some discomfort after adjustments are made to their orthodontic appliances. Pain relievers recommended by the orthodontist can ease discomfort, and soft foods can help if chewing becomes difficult.

Oral Hygiene Maintenance

Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial during orthodontic treatment. Your child will need to brush and floss regularly and may need to use special tools like interdental brushes or floss threaders to clean around braces or other appliances.

Dietary Adjustments 

Certain foods may need to be avoided to protect orthodontic appliances. Hard, sticky, or chewy foods can damage braces and disrupt treatment. Your orthodontist will provide a list of foods to avoid.

Emergency Care

In case of any breakage or discomfort caused by the orthodontic appliance, it’s important to contact your orthodontist immediately for advice or an emergency appointment.

Completion and Retention Phase

Once the active phase of treatment is complete, braces or other appliances will be removed. This is followed by a retention phase, where retainers are used to keep the teeth in their new position. Regular follow-up visits may still be necessary to monitor the stability of the treatment results.

Caring for Teeth with Orthodontic Appliances

Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial when a child is undergoing orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic appliances, whether braces, aligners, or other devices, can create challenges in keeping teeth clean and healthy. Here are key guidelines to help children care for their teeth during orthodontic treatment:

Brushing Techniques

With braces, it’s essential to brush after every meal to remove food particles trapped in and around the brackets and wires. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or an orthodontic brush designed to clean around braces. Angle the brush to clean around the wires and pins of the braces. For aligners, make sure to brush both the teeth and the aligners to maintain oral hygiene.

Flossing Regularly

Flossing with braces can be challenging, but it’s vital for removing plaque and food particles between the teeth and under the wires. Use a floss threader or orthodontic floss to navigate around braces easily. For children with aligners, flossing is more straightforward, but just as important.

Using Fluoride Toothpaste and Mouthwash

Fluoride strengthens the enamel and helps prevent cavities. Encourage your child to use fluoride toothpaste and a fluoride mouthwash to protect their teeth during orthodontic treatment.

Avoiding Certain Foods

Hard, sticky, and chewy foods can damage orthodontic appliances and teeth. Avoid foods like popcorn, nuts, hard candies, gum, and sticky candy. Also, advise children to cut down on sugary and starchy foods to reduce the risk of plaque buildup and tooth decay.

Regular Dental Cleanings and Check-Ups

Regular visits to the dentist for professional cleanings and check-ups are essential during orthodontic treatment. These visits help maintain healthy teeth and gums and provide an opportunity for the dentist to spot any potential issues early.

Protecting Appliances and Teeth During Sports

If your child is involved in sports, a mouthguard is crucial to protect their teeth and orthodontic appliances. A custom-made mouthguard can provide the best fit and protection.

Immediate Action for Loose or Broken Appliances

If part of the orthodontic appliance breaks or becomes loose, contact your orthodontist immediately. Prompt action can prevent discomfort and ensure the treatment stays on track.

Educating on Proper Hygiene Practices

Continuous education and reminders about the importance of oral hygiene are important, especially for younger children. Regular discussions and demonstrations on proper cleaning techniques can help establish good habits.

10 Common Concerns and FAQs About Child Orthodontics

Orthodontic treatment for children often brings up a host of questions and concerns from parents. Here are some common queries along with their answers to help parents navigate the process of orthodontic care for their children:

1. When should my child first see an orthodontist?

• The American Association of Orthodontists recommends that children have their first orthodontic evaluation by the age of 7. This early assessment allows the orthodontist to identify potential issues and plan the best time for treatment, if necessary.

2. Are braces painful?

• While braces themselves do not cause pain, some discomfort or mild soreness is common after they are first put on and after adjustments. This discomfort typically lasts only a few days and can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers and soft foods.

3. How long will my child need to wear braces?

• The duration of treatment varies depending on the severity of the dental issues and how well the patient responds to treatment. On average, most children wear braces for about 1 to 3 years.

4. Can my child still play sports or musical instruments with braces?

• Yes, children can continue to play sports and musical instruments. However, it’s important to use a mouthguard for sports to protect the braces and teeth from potential damage. For wind instruments, some adjustment period may be needed.

5. What foods should my child avoid with braces?

• Your child should avoid hard, sticky, chewy, and sugary foods which can damage braces and increase the risk of cavities. Examples include popcorn, nuts, hard candies, gum, and caramel.

6. How often do we need to visit the orthodontist during treatment?

• Regular visits are typically scheduled every 4 to 8 weeks. These appointments are essential for making adjustments to the braces and monitoring progress.

7. Will my child need to wear a retainer after braces?

• Yes, retainers are a crucial part of the orthodontic process. They help maintain the new position of the teeth after the braces are removed. The length of time retainers need to be worn varies, but they play a key role in ensuring long-lasting results.

8. How can my child maintain good oral hygiene with braces?

• Good oral hygiene involves brushing after every meal, using a fluoride toothpaste, and flossing daily. An interdental brush or floss threaders can help clean around braces and in between teeth.

9. Is orthodontic treatment expensive?

• The cost of orthodontic treatment varies depending on the complexity of the case and the type of treatment. Many dental insurance plans offer some level of orthodontic coverage, and many orthodontists offer payment plans to make treatment more affordable.

10. What if my child has an emergency with their braces?

• If your child has a broken wire, loose band, or other discomforts, contact your orthodontist as soon as possible. In many cases, simple issues can be addressed at home temporarily, but your orthodontist should be informed to determine if an appointment is necessary.

Introducing Pediatric Dentistry at Bozic DDS

At Bozic DDS, we take pride in offering comprehensive pediatric dental care, providing a welcoming, child-friendly environment where your little ones can feel comfortable while receiving the dental attention they need. Our practice Pediatric Dentistry West is dedicated to ensuring that your child’s dental experience is positive and nurturing, laying the foundation for a lifetime of healthy smiles.

Our Pediatric Dental Services

Our team of experienced professionals specializes in pediatric dentistry, focusing on the unique dental needs of children from infancy through adolescence. We understand that each child is unique, and we tailor our services to meet the individual needs of each young patient. Our services range from routine dental cleanings and fluoride treatments to more specialized procedures such as sealants, fillings, and orthodontic evaluations. We employ the latest technologies and techniques to ensure that your child receives the best possible care.

Creating a Positive Dental Experience

We believe that a child’s early experiences with dentistry can shape their attitude towards dental health for the rest of their lives. That’s why we strive to create a positive, fun, and educational environment. Our office is designed with children in mind, ensuring a comfortable and stress-free visit. Our team is trained to explain procedures in a friendly, understandable way, helping to alleviate any fears or anxieties your child may have.

Commitment to Education and Prevention

Education is a cornerstone of our practice. We focus on teaching children and parents about effective oral hygiene practices, nutritional advice, and the importance of regular dental check-ups. Preventive care is key to maintaining a healthy smile, and we work closely with parents to establish a dental routine that protects against tooth decay and other dental problems.

Easy Scheduling and Communication

We understand the busy schedules of parents, which is why we offer convenient appointment times and an easy scheduling process. You can contact us to arrange a visit or to ask any questions you might have about our services and what to expect during your child’s appointment.

Join Our Dental Family

At Bozic DDS, we are more than just a dental office; we are a dental family dedicated to providing the best care for your child. We invite you to join our family and experience the difference in pediatric dental care that we offer. Visit our website to learn more about our services and to schedule your child’s next dental visit. Let us be a part of your child’s journey to a healthy, beautiful smile.